Best .NET Interview Questions for Freshers

.NET is one of the most popular frameworks for building web applications, desktop software, and enterprise solutions. For freshers stepping into the world of software development, preparing for a .NET interview can feel daunting. This article will help you by listing the Best .NET Interview Questions for Freshers, designed to prepare you for real-world interviews.

Whether you’re applying for your first job or seeking an internship, understanding core .NET concepts is crucial. Discover the most important .NET interview questions frequently asked by employers.

Table Of Content

1. What is .NET Framework?
2. Why is .NET Used?
3. Key Features of .NET
4. Best .NET Interview Questions for Freshers
5. C# Basics for Freshers
6. ASP.NET Basics for Freshers
7. Entity Framework for Freshers
8. Conclusion

What is .NET Framework?

The .NET Framework, developed by Microsoft, serves as a powerful software platform for building applications. It provides a large set of libraries and a runtime environment for building and running applications on Windows. Its key features include cross-language interoperability, a robust class library, and a managed runtime environment known as the Common Language Runtime (CLR).

Why is .NET Used?

.NET simplifies the development process by providing a consistent programming model. It supports multiple languages like C#, VB.NET, and F#, allowing developers to build applications ranging from desktop software to web-based solutions. It offers robust security features, efficient memory management through garbage collection, and a vast library of reusable resources for various applications.

Key Features of .NET

• Cross-platform support (in .NET Core and later versions)
• Language interoperability
• Automatic memory management
• Security features with built-in cryptography classes
• Scalability and performance

Best .NET Interview Questions for Freshers

1. What is the Common Language Runtime (CLR)?

The Common Language Runtime (CLR) serves as the core of the .NET Framework. It manages the execution of .NET programs, providing services such as memory management, security enforcement, exception handling, and garbage collection.

2. What is the Framework Class Library (FCL)?

The FCL is a comprehensive collection of reusable classes, interfaces, and value types that developers can use to build applications. It covers a wide range of functionalities like file I/O, database connectivity, networking, and more.

3. Discover the Definition of Managed Code.

Developers write managed code in languages supported by the .NET Framework, such as C# or VB.NET, which the CLR then executes. The CLR provides memory management, security, and other services for managed code.

4. What is an Assembly in .NET?

An assembly serves as a compiled code library for .NET applications. It can be either a .exe (executable) file or a .dll (dynamic link library) file. Assemblies contain metadata about the types, methods, and resources in the code, making them self-describing.

5. Explain the Concept of Garbage Collection.

Garbage collection is an automatic memory management feature provided by the CLR. It frees up memory used by unnecessary objects, effectively preventing memory leaks in the application.

6. How do Value Types differ from Reference Types?

• Value types (e.g., int, float, struct) store data directly, and each variable holds its own copy.
• Reference types (e.g., class, array, object) store references to memory locations, meaning multiple variables can point to the same object in memory.

7. What is the Role of JIT Compiler in .NET?

The Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler converts Intermediate Language (IL) code into machine code that the underlying hardware can understand and execute.

Also Read: Top 100 Redux Interview Questions List

C# Basics for Freshers

8. What are the Main Features of C#?

C# serves as the primary language for developing applications with .NET. It is a modern, object-oriented language with features like:

• Automatic memory management
• Strong type checking
• Delegates and events
• LINQ (Language Integrated Query)
• Asynchronous programming (async/await)

9. How Does const Differ from readonly in C#?

• const: The value of a const variable is set at compile-time and cannot be changed later.
• readonly: The value of a readonly field can be set either at compile-time or runtime, but once set, it cannot be modified.

10. What is Exception Handling in C#?

Use exception handling to effectively manage runtime errors in a controlled manner. The try-catch-finally block is used to catch exceptions and ensure that resources are cleaned up properly. It prevents application crashes caused by unexpected runtime errors.

ASP.NET Basics for Freshers

11. What is ASP.NET?

Build web applications and services with the ASP.NET framework. It supports different development models like Web Forms, MVC (Model-View-Controller), and Web APIs.

12. What is the Difference Between ASP.NET Web Forms and ASP.NET MVC?

• Web Forms: Event-driven development model, with server-side controls and state management.
• MVC: Separates application logic into three components—Model, View, and Controller—promoting clean separation of concerns and testability.

13. Explain the ASP.NET Page Lifecycle.

The ASP.NET page lifecycle involves several stage

• Page Request: The server receives the request.
• Start: The system sets the page properties.
• Initialization: The application initializes the controls.
• Load: The application loads the controls with information.
• Postback Handling: If the page loads in response to a postback, the application handles events.
• Rendering: The system renders the page to HTML and sends it to the client.
• Unload: The application performs cleanup tasks.

14. What is ViewState in ASP.NET?

ViewState preserves the state of web controls between postbacks, ensuring a seamless user experience. It stores values as a hidden field in the web page and allows data to persist across postbacks.

Entity Framework for Freshers

15. What is Entity Framework (EF)?

Entity Framework (EF) enables object-relational mapping (ORM) for .NET applications, streamlining data access and management. It simplifies data access by allowing developers to work with databases using .NET objects, eliminating the need for most SQL code.

16. What is Code First Approach in Entity Framework?

The Code First approach allows developers to define their database schema in C# code. The schema is automatically generated based on the data model classes.

17. What is the Difference Between Lazy Loading and Eager Loading?

• Lazy loading: Data is loaded on demand, meaning related entities are only loaded when they are accessed.
• Eager loading: Data is loaded upfront when the query is executed, reducing the number of database calls.

Conclusion

For freshers entering the .NET world, understanding these foundational concepts is key to performing well in interviews. The Best .NET Interview Questions for Freshers covered in this article will help you gain a strong grasp of important topics such as the .NET framework, C#, ASP.NET, and Entity Framework. With adequate preparation and hands-on practice, you’ll be well on your way to landing your first job in .NET development.

Make sure to revise these .NET Interview questions thoroughly, practice coding, and be ready to explain your understanding during the interview. Best of luck with your career journey in the exciting field of .NET development!